Q U I Z # 1

1. The basic properties of stimuli include all of the following except
     a) modality                c) identity
     b) location                 d) intensity

2. Which is the correct order of steps in the perceptual process?
     a) proximal stimulus - distal stimulus - transduction - processing
     b) transduction - proximal stimulus - processing - perception
     c) distal stimulus - proximal stimulus - transduction - processing
     d) transduction - processing - action - perception

3. What is the correct sequence of structures encountered by a typical neural signal?
     a) dendrites to axon to soma to terminal            c) dendrites to soma to axon to terminal
     b) axon to dendrites to soma to terminal            d) soma to dendrites to terminal to axon

4. The _________ are the primary carriers of messages across synapses and are stored in _______ until they are released from the pre-synaptic neuron.
    a) modulators, Golgi apparatus
    b) neurotransmitters, synaptic vesicles
    c) receptor molecules, synaptic vesicles
    d) hormones, endoplasmic reticulum

5. A neuron's resting potential is maintained at about ________ by the concentration of __________ outside the cell and __________ inside the cell.
   a) -70mV, potassium (K+), sodium (Na+)
   b) -70mV, sodium (Na+), potassium (K+)
   c) -55mV, chloride (Cl-), sodium (Na+)
   d) -55mV, sodium (Na+), potassium (K+)

6. An action potential occurs when ________________, making the cell interior more positive.
   a) sodium leaves the cell and potassium flows in
   b) sodium enters the cell and potassium flows out
   c) the cell is at approximately -70mV
   d) the cell is well below its threshold

7. Which person below published Elements of Psychophysics ?
   a) J. F. Herbart
   b) Gustav Fechner
   c) Ernst Weber
   d) S. S. Stevens

8. In Stevens' magnitude estimation work, he found that electric shock stimuli showed ___________ and brightness showed __________.
   a) response compression, response expansion
   b) response expansion, response compression
   c) linear relationship, response compression
   d) response expansion, linear relationship

9. The focusing elements of the eye are the
   a) pupil and iris
   b) sclera and iris
   c) lens and pupil
   d) lens and cornea

10. The blind spot
   a) is located at the extreme edge of the retina
   b) is located in the center of the fovea
   c) is visible only in the dark
   d) is located where the optic nerve leaves the eye

Q U I Z # 2

1. The visual pigment molecule consists of two parts, the light-sensitive ________ and ________.
a) retinal, opsin
b) pigment, disc
c) pigment, opsin
d) opsin, retinal

2. The separation of the two parts of the visual pigment molecule when exposed to light is called
a) metamorphosis
b) accommodation
c) bleaching
d) transduction

3. In dark adaptation, the rapid phase involves the _____ and takes approximately 3-4 minutes; the slower phase involves the ______ and takes about _______.
a) rods, cones, 60 min
b) rods, cones, 10-30 min
c) cones, rods, 10-30 min
d) cones, rods, 60 min

4. A receptive field in the visual system is the region of the retina that, when stimulated ___________.
a) increases the firing rate of a neuron
b) inhibits or decreases the firing rate of a neuron
c) influences the firing rate of a neuron

5. The receptive field of a certain cell has an excitatory center and an inhibitory surround. We will observe the highest firing rate from this cell when we
a) stimulate only a small portion of the center area
b) stimulate all of the center area
c) stimulate the entire center-surround area
d) stimulate only outside the receptive field

6. The lateral geniculate nucleus is located in the _________ and consists of _____ layers.
a) tectum, six
b) thalamus, two
c) ganglion layer, six
d) thalamus, six

7. The "point-to-point" preservation of spatial information in the visual image from the retina through the LGN and V1 is called
a) spatial mapping
b) linear compression
c) a retinotopic map
d) visuospatial preservation

8. Axons from the ______ portion of the retina travels to the ipsilateral LGN, while the ________ retina's axons travel to the contralateral LGN.
a) temporal, nasal
b) nasal, temporal

9. The layers which receive input from the magnocellular ganglion cells are
a) layers 1 and 2
b) layers 2, 3, and 5
c) layers 1, 4, and 6
d) layers 3 - 6

10. A single hypercolumn in the visual cortex consists of ______ ocular dominance column(s), _____ orientation column(s), and _______ location column(s).
a) two, two, two
b) one, one, one
c) two, multiple, one
d) two, multiple, two