Clifford, Luara Dee, August 1990 - EXCAVATIONS AT THE OFFICERS'
WOODEN QUARTERS AT FORT MACKINAC, MICHIGAN
Abstract: During the summer of 1986, Roger T. Grange of the
University of South Florida conducted archaeological excavations
at Fort Mackinac, Michigan. These excavations were performed as
an archaeological field school in cooperation with the Mackinac
Island State Park Commission. The project goals were designed to
investigate a nineteenth century building within Fort Mackinac
that the Park Commission was renovating as part of the
bicentennial celebration of the fort's founding.
The fort is located on Mackinac Island in the Straits of
Mackinac, between Michigan's two main peninsulas. The importance
of the Straits of Mackinac area, as both a commercial trading hub
and as a strategic military site, was recognized nearly 400 years
ago by the French and British settlers in the area.
During 1779, British commander Patrick Sinclair began the
construction of Fort Mackinac on Mackinac Island. The fort
remained under British control until the Americans took it over
in 1796. The British regained brief control of the fort during
the War of 1812, but relinquished their command to the Americans
in 1815. The excavations were carried out to provide
archaeological confirmation of the historic evidence that the
Officers' Wooden Quarters building was built by the Americans
after the War of 1812 had concluded.
The archaeological evidence is discussed in terms of
stratigraphic layers. Categories of artifacts are discussed in
terms of function. The archaeological evidence supports the
central contention that the building was indeed constructed by
the Americans after the War of 1812.
Archaeology continues to play an important part in the renovation
of buildings at this historic fort. It aids in providing accurate
details that have escaped documentation in history books,
letters, and legal documents.
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